--- title: In the vicinity, it is said by the Maoris, there was a shallow cave… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics description: In the vicinity, it is said by the Maoris, there was a shallow cave under the rocky hillside which was used by some of the Ngati-Mamoe as a dwelling-place; it is known in tradition as Te Pohatu-whakairo, or “The Carved Rock.” Who acts: some. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterb --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/46/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Ca…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/) / [The Port Hills and Their Names.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/) / 46 # Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 46 In the vicinity, it is said by the Maoris, there was a shallow cave under the rocky hillside which was used by some of the Ngati-Mamoe as a dwelling-place; it is known in tradition as Te Pohatu-whakairo, or “The Carved Rock.” **Who acts:** some · **What happens:** say, use, know, carve · **To what, where:** vicinity, rocky hillside, cave, tradition · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg73766:10:46 # text = In the vicinity, it is said by the Maoris, there was a shallow cave under the rocky hillside which was used by some of the Ngati-Mamoe as a dwelling-place; it is known in tradition as Te Pohatu-whakairo, or “The Carved Rock.” 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 vicinity vicinity NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 5 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 by by ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 Maoris Maoris PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 12 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 13 expl _ _ 13 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 advcl:relcl _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 shallow shallow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 17 under under ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 rocky rocky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 hillside hillside NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 21 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 nsubj:pass _ _ 22 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux:pass _ _ 23 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 acl:relcl _ _ 24 by by ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 23 obl:agent _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 28 Ngati Ngati PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 29 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 28 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 30 Mamoe Mamoe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 31 as as ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 33 dwelling dwelling NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 34 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 33 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 35 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 37 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj:pass _ _ 38 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux:pass _ _ 39 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 conj _ _ 40 in in ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 tradition tradition NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 42 as as ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 43 Te Te PROPN NNP Number=Sing 46 compound _ _ 44 Pohatu Pohatu PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 45 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 43 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 46 whakairo whakairo NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 47 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 48 or or CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 49 “ " PUNCT `` _ 52 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 50 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 51 Carved carve VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 52 amod _ _ 52 Rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 53 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 54 ” " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive | | vicinity | | the vicinity | | the Maoris *ccomp* | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: subject=Theme in vicinity=Manner | | 2 | **use** | past · passive | some of the Ngati Mamoe | the rocky hillside | | | | as a dwelling place | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent subject=Duration as place=Attribute | | 3 | **know** | present · passive | | cave | | tradition | | as Te whakairo; the Carved Rock *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as whakairo=Attribute | | 4 | **carve** *in a quote* | participle | | | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/45/) - next →: [sentence 47](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/47/) - ↑ back to [The Port Hills and Their Names.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/)