---
title: The name of Cooper’s Knobs, the highest of the three tooth-like crag… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: The name of Cooper’s Knobs, the highest of the three tooth-like crags lifting abruptly above the head of Lyttelton Harbour to an altitude of 1880 feet, memorises, like so many others, an incident of the head-hunting cannibal days. Who acts: three like crags. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Po
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 54

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The name of Cooper’s Knobs, the highest of the three tooth-like crags lifting abruptly above the head of Lyttelton Harbour to an altitude of 1880 feet, memorises, like so many others, an incident of the head-hunting cannibal days.

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**Who acts:** three like crags · **What happens:** lift, memoris, hunt, name · **To what, where:** head, many others, Knobs

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (three like crags), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:10:54
# text = The name of Cooper’s Knobs, the highest of the three tooth-like crags lifting abruptly above the head of Lyttelton Harbour to an altitude of 1880 feet, memorises, like so many others, an incident of the head-hunting cannibal days.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	Cooper	Cooper	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	’s	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	Knobs	Knob	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
12	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
13	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	crags	crag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
17	lifting	lift	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	acl	_	_
18	abruptly	abruptly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	above	above	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	Lyttelton	Lyttelton	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	Harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	altitude	altitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	1880	1880	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	30	nummod	_	_
30	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	memorises	memoris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
34	like	like	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	so	so	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
36	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	incident	incident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	appos	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
43	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	43	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	hunting	hunt	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	47	amod	_	_
46	cannibal	cannibal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	compound	_	_
47	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | gerund | the three like crags *not said here* |  |  | the head of Lyttelton Harbour |  | to a altitude of 1880 feet; abruptly *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent above head=Destination to altitude=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **memoris** | present |  | many others |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hunt** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | head *compound* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **name** |  |  | Cooper's Knobs |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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