---
title: The name sometimes has been given as Te Waka-raupo, which means “The… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: The name sometimes has been given as Te Waka-raupo, which means “The Canoe of Raupo reeds,” otherwise a raft or _mokihi_ of the type so often used on the South Island rivers. Who acts: name, Canoe. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port H
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 67

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The name sometimes has been given as Te Waka-raupo, which means “The Canoe of Raupo reeds,” otherwise a raft or \_mokihi\_ of the type so often used on the South Island rivers.

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**Who acts:** name, Canoe · **What happens:** give, mean, reed, use · **To what, where:** name, type, Island rivers · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, Canoe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:10:67
# text = The name sometimes has been given as Te Waka-raupo, which means “The Canoe of Raupo reeds,” otherwise a raft or _mokihi_ of the type so often used on the South Island rivers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	Te	te	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
9	Waka	Waka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	raupo	raupo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Canoe	Canoe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Raupo	Raupo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	reeds	reed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
23	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	raft	raft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	ccomp	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	mokihi	mokihi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	25	punct	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	type	type	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	so	so	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	often	often	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	acl	_	_
36	on	on	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
38	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	_
39	Island	Island	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	compound	_	_
40	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · perfect · passive |  | the name *not said here* |  |  |  | as Te Waka raupo; sometimes *property* | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V» |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the name |  |  |  |  | which *nsubj*; a raft or mokihi *ccomp* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **reed** *in a quote* | present | the Canoe of Raupo |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **use** | participle |  | the type *not said here* |  | the Island rivers |  | often *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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