---
title: Corsair Bay and Cass Bay, as the _Kaumatua_ of Rapaki tells us, have… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Corsair Bay and Cass Bay, as the _Kaumatua_ of Rapaki tells us, have Maori names which contain a reference not only to the ancient forests which clothed the slopes of the Port Hills and descended to the sandy beachside, but to one of the vanished practices of the native people, fire-making by wood-f
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 73

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Corsair Bay and Cass Bay, as the \_Kaumatua\_ of Rapaki tells us, have Maori names which contain a reference not only to the ancient forests which clothed the slopes of the Port Hills and descended to the sandy beachside, but to one of the vanished practices of the native people, fire-making by wood-friction.

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**Who acts:** Corsair, Maori names, ancient forests, one · **What happens:** tell, have, contain, clothe, descend, vanish · **To what, where:** us, Maori names, reference, slopes, sandy beachside, native people · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Corsair, Maori names, ancient forests, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:10:73
# text = Corsair Bay and Cass Bay, as the _Kaumatua_ of Rapaki tells us, have Maori names which contain a reference not only to the ancient forests which clothed the slopes of the Port Hills and descended to the sandy beachside, but to one of the vanished practices of the native people, fire-making by wood-friction.
1	Corsair	Corsair	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
2	Bay	Bay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	Cass	Cass	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Bay	Bay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	_	_	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Kaumatua	Kaumatua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	_	_	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	list	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Rapaki	Rapaki	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	_
18	Maori	maori	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
25	only	only	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
30	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
31	clothed	clothe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	acl:relcl	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	slopes	slope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	Port	Port	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	Hills	Hill	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	descended	descend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	conj	_	_
40	to	to	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
42	sandy	sandy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	beachside	beachside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
45	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	59	cc	_	_
46	to	to	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	59	nsubj	_	_
48	of	of	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
50	vanished	vanish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	51	amod	_	_
51	practices	practice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	nmod	_	_
52	of	of	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
54	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	55	amod	_	_
55	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
57	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	57	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	advcl	_	_
60	by	by	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
61	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	63	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	61	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	friction	friction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Corsair as the Kaumatua \_ of Rapaki and Cass Bay |  | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | present |  | Maori names |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient |
| 3 | **contain** | present | Maori names | a reference |  |  |  | to the ancient forests | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot reference=Theme |
| 4 | **clothe** | past | the ancient forests | the slopes of the Port Hills |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slope=Patient |
| 5 | **descend** | participle | the ancient forests *not said here* |  |  | the sandy beachside |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to beachside=Location |
| 6 | **vanish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **make** | gerund | one of the vanished practices of the native people |  |  |  |  | by wood friction; fire *compound* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 8 | **practice** |  |  | the native people |  |  |  |  | nom practice «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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