---
title: The Ngati-Mamoe three hundred years ago had a small village on this… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: The Ngati-Mamoe three hundred years ago had a small village on this rocky islet, commanding the harbour-gate; it was defended with a palisade. Who acts: Ngati. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names., with its depend
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 84

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The Ngati-Mamoe three hundred years ago had a small village on this rocky islet, commanding the harbour-gate; it was defended with a palisade.

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**Who acts:** Ngati · **What happens:** have, command, defend · **To what, where:** small village, rocky islet, harbour gate, gate · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ngati), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:10:84
# text = The Ngati-Mamoe three hundred years ago had a small village on this rocky islet, commanding the harbour-gate; it was defended with a palisade.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Ngati	Ngati	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Mamoe	Mamoe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	compound	_	_
6	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
15	rocky	rocky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	islet	islet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	commanding	command	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	defended	defend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	palisade	palisade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Ngati and Mamoe | a small village |  | this rocky islet |  | ago *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent village=Patient |
| 2 | **command** | gerund | the Ngati and Mamoe *not said here* | the harbour gate |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent gate=Eventuality |
| 3 | **defend** | past · passive |  | gate |  |  |  | with a palisade | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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