---
title: The Plains, as he showed them, were plentifully studded with the ti-… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: The Plains, as he showed them, were plentifully studded with the ti-palm, from which the sugary _kauru_ could be obtained. Who acts: Plains. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 25

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The Plains, as he showed them, were plentifully studded with the ti-palm, from which the sugary \_kauru\_ could be obtained.

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**Who acts:** Plains · **What happens:** show, stud, obtain · **To what, where:** waters

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:11:25
# text = The Plains, as he showed them, were plentifully studded with the ti-palm, from which the sugary _kauru_ could be obtained.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Plains	Plain	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	plentifully	plentifully	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	studded	stud	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	ti	ti	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	palm	palm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sugary	sugary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	parataxis	_	_
22	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	kauru	kauru	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	21	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	27	punct	_	_
25	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
26	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	obtained	obtain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the Plains | waters *= water* |  |  |  | Waitai *nsubj* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |
| 2 | **stud** | past · passive | the Plains *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the ti palm; plentifully *property* | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: with palm=Theme |
| 3 | **obtain** | could · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP» |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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