---
title: There are perhaps half a dozen of these subsidiary valleys, and each… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: There are perhaps half a dozen of these subsidiary valleys, and each one is filled with a sweet green mass of light bush similar to that behind us. Who acts: dozen. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, with its depen
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 55

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There are perhaps half a dozen of these subsidiary valleys, and each one is filled with a sweet green mass of light bush similar to that behind us.

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**Who acts:** dozen · **What happens:** be, fill, bush · **To what, where:** one

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dozen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:11:55
# text = There are perhaps half a dozen of these subsidiary valleys, and each one is filled with a sweet green mass of light bush similar to that behind us.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	half	half	DET	PDT	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind	6	det:predet	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dozen	dozen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
9	subsidiary	subsidiary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
14	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	bush	bush	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
25	similar	similar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	xcomp	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	25	obl	_	_
28	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | half dozen of this subsidiary valleys |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fill** | present · passive |  | each one |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **bush** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with a sweet green mass of light; similar *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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