---
title: To gain the graded and formed track again, we swarm up the fifty-foo… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: To gain the graded and formed track again, we swarm up the fifty-foot cliff, with _koromiko_ and _aka_ and flax for hand-grips. Who acts: we. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, with its dependency tree and the prag
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 70

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To gain the graded and formed track again, we swarm up the fifty-foot cliff, with \_koromiko\_ and \_aka\_ and flax for hand-grips.

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**Who acts:** we · **What happens:** gain, grade, form, swarm up · **To what, where:** graded track, foot cliff

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:11:70
# text = To gain the graded and formed track again, we swarm up the fifty-foot cliff, with _koromiko_ and _aka_ and flax for hand-grips.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	gain	gain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	graded	grade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	formed	form	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
7	track	track	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	again	again	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	swarm	swarm	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	koromiko	koromiko	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	21	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
24	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	aka	aka	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	flax	flax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	grips	grip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gain** | to-infinitive | we *not said here* | the graded track |  |  | again |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent track=Theme |
| 2 | **grade** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **form** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **swarm up** | present | we | the foot cliff |  |  |  | with koromiko; flax for hand grips *conj* | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with koromiko=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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