---
title: Out near the Pass the crannied walls of old Kahukura echo to the voi… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Out near the Pass the crannied walls of old Kahukura echo to the voices of a party of girls, a botany class from the city. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 79

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Out near the Pass the crannied walls of old Kahukura echo to the voices of a party of girls, a botany class from the city.

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**What happens:** cranny

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:11:79
# text = Out near the Pass the crannied walls of old Kahukura echo to the voices of a party of girls, a botany class from the city.
1	Out	out	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
2	near	near	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Pass	Pass	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	crannied	cranny	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	Kahukura	Kahukura	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	echo	echo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	voices	voice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	girls	girl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	botany	botany	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cranny** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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