---
title: The sun is over the range, and Tamatea’s gloomy peak is outlined in… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: The sun is over the range, and Tamatea’s gloomy peak is outlined in sharp symmetry against the burning west. Who acts: sun, sharp symmetry. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., with its dependency tree and the prag
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 104

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The sun is over the range, and Tamatea’s gloomy peak is outlined in sharp symmetry against the burning west.

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**Who acts:** sun, sharp symmetry · **What happens:** be, outline, burn · **To what, where:** range, Tamatea, sharp symmetry

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, sharp symmetry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:12:104
# text = The sun is over the range, and Tamatea’s gloomy peak is outlined in sharp symmetry against the burning west.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	range	range	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	Tamatea	Tamatea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	’s	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
11	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	peak	peak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	outlined	outline	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	symmetry	symmetry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	against	against	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
21	west	west	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the sun |  |  | the range |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **outline** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | Tamatea |  | sharp symmetry |  | gloomy peak *nsubj:pass* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 3 | **burn** | gerund | sharp symmetry *not said here* |  |  |  |  | west *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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