---
title: When first I went round the high bend in the harbour-side road from… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: When first I went round the high bend in the harbour-side road from Lyttelton and saw Rapaki village a-slumber in the afternoon sun below, all in its green and gold of groves and flowers, grassy fields lapped about it in soft folds, the sea coming up in gentle breathings at the foot of the little cl
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 53

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When first I went round the high bend in the harbour-side road from Lyttelton and saw Rapaki village a-slumber in the afternoon sun below, all in its green and gold of groves and flowers, grassy fields lapped about it in soft folds, the sea coming up in gentle breathings at the foot of the little cliffs, and the grand old crags above, with one huge \_taiaha\_-head of a peak lording it sentry-wise over all, I thought that for beauty of setting very few Maori \_kaingas\_ even in the romantic bushlands and highlands of the North Island were peers of this hamlet of the Ngai-Tahu, almost jostled off the map by the crowding hordes of the \_pakeha\_.

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**Who acts:** I, green, sea, peak, grand old crags, beauty · **What happens:** go, see, lap, come up, lord, think · **To what, where:** side road, Rapaki village, afternoon sun, gentle breathings, sea, that

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, green, sea, peak), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:12:53
# text = When first I went round the high bend in the harbour-side road from Lyttelton and saw Rapaki village a-slumber in the afternoon sun below, all in its green and gold of groves and flowers, grassy fields lapped about it in soft folds, the sea coming up in gentle breathings at the foot of the little cliffs, and the grand old crags above, with one huge _taiaha_-head of a peak lording it sentry-wise over all, I thought that for beauty of setting very few Maori _kaingas_ even in the romantic bushlands and highlands of the North Island were peers of this hamlet of the Ngai-Tahu, almost jostled off the map by the crowding hordes of the _pakeha_.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	round	round	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bend	bend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Lyttelton	Lyttelton	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
19	Rapaki	Rapaki	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	slumber	slumber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
28	below	below	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
30	all	all	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	green	green	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	groves	grove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nmod	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	grassy	grassy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	conj	_	_
43	lapped	lap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
44	about	about	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obl	_	_
46	in	in	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	folds	fold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	nsubj	_	_
52	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	43	advcl	_	_
53	up	up	ADP	RP	_	52	compound:prt	_	_
54	in	in	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	amod	_	_
56	breathings	breathing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	obl	_	_
57	at	at	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
58	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	59	det	_	_
59	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	nmod	_	_
60	of	of	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
61	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	63	det	_	_
62	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	63	amod	_	_
63	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	59	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	92	punct	_	_
65	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	92	cc	_	_
66	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	69	det	_	_
67	grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	69	amod	_	_
68	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	69	amod	_	_
69	crags	crag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	92	nsubj	_	_
70	above	above	ADV	RB	_	69	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	76	punct	_	_
72	with	with	ADP	IN	_	76	case	_	_
73	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	76	nummod	_	_
74	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	76	amod	_	_
75	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	74	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
76	taiaha	taiaha	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	69	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
77	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	79	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
78	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	79	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
79	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	76	appos	_	_
80	of	of	ADP	IN	_	82	case	_	_
81	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	82	det	_	_
82	peak	peak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	79	nmod	_	_
83	lording	lord	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	82	acl	_	_
84	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	83	obj	_	_
85	sentry	sentry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	87	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
86	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	85	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
87	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	83	parataxis	_	_
88	over	over	ADP	IN	_	89	case	_	_
89	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	87	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
90	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	69	punct	_	_
91	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	92	nsubj	_	_
92	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
93	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	92	obj	_	_
94	for	for	ADP	IN	_	95	case	_	_
95	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	92	obl	_	_
96	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	97	mark	_	_
97	setting	set	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	95	acl	_	_
98	very	very	ADV	RB	_	99	advmod	_	_
99	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	100	amod	_	_
100	Maori	Maori	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	97	obj	_	_
101	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	102	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
102	kaingas	kainga	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	116	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
103	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	108	punct	_	_
104	even	even	ADV	RB	_	108	advmod	_	_
105	in	in	ADP	IN	_	108	case	_	_
106	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	108	det	_	_
107	romantic	romantic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	108	amod	_	_
108	bushlands	bushland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	116	nsubj	_	_
109	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	110	cc	_	_
110	highlands	highland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	108	conj	_	_
111	of	of	ADP	IN	_	114	case	_	_
112	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	114	det	_	_
113	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	114	compound	_	_
114	Island	Island	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	110	nmod	_	_
115	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	116	cop	_	_
116	peers	peer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	97	obl	_	_
117	of	of	ADP	IN	_	119	case	_	_
118	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	119	det	_	_
119	hamlet	hamlet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	116	nmod	_	_
120	of	of	ADP	IN	_	124	case	_	_
121	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	124	det	_	_
122	Ngai	Ngai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	124	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
123	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	124	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
124	Tahu	Tahu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	119	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
125	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	127	punct	_	_
126	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	127	advmod	_	_
127	jostled	jostle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	119	acl	_	_
128	off	off	ADP	IN	_	130	case	_	_
129	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	130	det	_	_
130	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	127	obl	_	_
131	by	by	ADP	IN	_	134	case	_	_
132	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	134	det	_	_
133	crowding	crowd	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	134	amod	_	_
134	hordes	horde	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	127	obl	_	_
135	of	of	ADP	IN	_	138	case	_	_
136	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	138	det	_	_
137	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	138	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
138	pakeha	pakeha	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	134	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
139	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	127	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
140	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | I |  |  | the side road from Lyttelton |  | round the high bend; first *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme round bend=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **see** | past | I *not said here* | Rapaki village |  | the afternoon sun |  | a slumber *obj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lap** | past | sun's green and gold of groves and flowers and grassy fields |  |  |  |  | about flower; in soft folds | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in fold=Attribute |
| 4 | **come up** | gerund | the sea |  |  | gentle breathings at the foot of the little cliffs |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in breathing=Location |
| 5 | **lord** | gerund | a peak *not said here* | sea |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **think** *speech: other* | past | the grand old crags and one huge taiaha | that |  |  |  | for beauty; I *nsubj* | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot that=Theme |
| 7 | **set** | gerund | beauty *not said here* | few Maori |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient maori=Result |
| 8 | **is a** | past | kaingas | peers |  |  |  | of this hamlet of the Ngai Tahu; the romantic bushlands and highlands of the North Island *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 9 | **jostle** | participle |  | this hamlet of the Ngai Tahu *not said here* |  |  |  | off the map; by the crowding hordes of the pakeha; almost *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 10 | **crowd** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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