---
title: The early colonists have been known to use it for the trimming of la… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: The early colonists have been known to use it for the trimming of ladies’ hats and bonnets. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 69

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The early colonists have been known to use it for the trimming of ladies’ hats and bonnets.

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**What happens:** know, use, trim · **To what, where:** early colonists, pakeha, hats

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:12:69
# text = The early colonists have been known to use it for the trimming of ladies’ hats and bonnets.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	colonists	colonist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	trimming	trimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	ladies	lady	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	’	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	hats	hat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	bonnets	bonnet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present · perfect · passive |  | the early colonists |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | to-infinitive |  | pakeha |  |  |  | for the trimming of ladies's hats and bonnets | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent it=Theme for trimming=Eventuality |
| 3 | **trim** |  |  | ladies's hats and bonnets |  |  |  |  | nom trimming «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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