---
title: Mahuraki died sixty years ago and was buried in a hole dug in the fl… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Mahuraki died sixty years ago and was buried in a hole dug in the floor of his thatched hut, which was left to decay. Who acts: Mahuraki, thatched hut. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., with its dependency tree 
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 83

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Mahuraki died sixty years ago and was buried in a hole dug in the floor of his thatched hut, which was left to decay.

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**Who acts:** Mahuraki, thatched hut · **What happens:** die, bury, dig, thatch, leave, decay · **To what, where:** hole, floor, thatched hut

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mahuraki, thatched hut), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:12:83
# text = Mahuraki died sixty years ago and was buried in a hole dug in the floor of his thatched hut, which was left to decay.
1	Mahuraki	Mahuraki	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sixty	sixty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	buried	bury	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	dug	dig	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	thatched	thatch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
19	hut	hut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl:relcl	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	decay	decay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | past | Mahuraki |  |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **bury** | past · passive | Mahuraki *not said here* |  |  | a hole |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: in hole=Destination |
| 3 | **dig** | participle |  | a hole *not said here* |  | the floor of Mahuraki's thatched hut |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in floor=Location |
| 4 | **thatch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **leave** | past · passive |  | Mahuraki's thatched hut |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **decay** | to-infinitive | Mahuraki's thatched hut *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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