---
title: These immensely long seines were six or eight feet deep, and were wo… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: These immensely long seines were six or eight feet deep, and were worked by canoes, which would take one end out into mid harbour, the other being made fast, and sweep the great _kupenga_ round the shoals of fish making their way up the harbour with the flood tide. Who acts: long seines, fish. A sen
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 93

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These immensely long seines were six or eight feet deep, and were worked by canoes, which would take one end out into mid harbour, the other being made fast, and sweep the great \_kupenga\_ round the shoals of fish making their way up the harbour with the flood tide.

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**Who acts:** long seines, fish · **What happens:** be, work, take out, make, sweep · **To what, where:** one end, mid harbour, other, great kupenga, shoals, way

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (long seines, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:12:93
# text = These immensely long seines were six or eight feet deep, and were worked by canoes, which would take one end out into mid harbour, the other being made fast, and sweep the great _kupenga_ round the shoals of fish making their way up the harbour with the flood tide.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
2	immensely	immensely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	seines	seine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
6	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	conj	_	_
9	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	worked	work	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	canoes	canoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
19	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	parataxis	_	_
21	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	out	out	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
24	into	into	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	mid	mid	X	AFX	_	26	compound	_	_
26	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	nsubj	_	_
30	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl:relcl	_	_
32	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	sweep	sweep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
37	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
38	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	kupenga	kupenga	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	35	punct	_	_
41	round	round	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	shoals	shoal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obl	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	nmod	_	_
46	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	45	acl	_	_
47	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obj	_	_
49	up	up	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obl	_	_
52	with	with	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
54	flood	flood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	compound	_	_
55	tide	tide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | this long seines |  |  |  |  | six feet *obl:unmarked*; deep *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | past · passive | this long seines *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by canoes | vn employment-95.3 «NP V» |
| 3 | **take out** | would |  | one end |  | mid harbour |  | which *nsubj*; out *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent end=Theme |
| 4 | **make** | gerund · passive |  | the other |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 5 | **sweep** | infinitive |  | the great kupenga |  | the shoals of fish |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent kupenga=Theme round shoal=Trajectory |
| 6 | **make** | gerund | fish *not said here* | canoes's way |  |  |  | up the harbour with the flood tide | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset way=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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