---
title: First making the land in the far north, he voyaged on down the East… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: First making the land in the far north, he voyaged on down the East Coast, sailing and paddling from bay to bay, leaving here and there some of his sea-weary crew, who intermarried with the inhabitants, and he did not cease his sailorly enterprise until he had reached the foggy shore of Murihiku, th
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 14

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First making the land in the far north, he voyaged on down the East Coast, sailing and paddling from bay to bay, leaving here and there some of his sea-weary crew, who intermarried with the inhabitants, and he did not cease his sailorly enterprise until he had reached the foggy shore of Murihiku, the “Tail of the Land” which the white man calls Southland.

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**Who acts:** heart, weary crew, white man · **What happens:** make, voyage, sail, paddle, bay, leave · **To what, where:** land, far north, East Coast, bay, some, sailorly enterprise · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart, weary crew, white man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:13:14
# text = First making the land in the far north, he voyaged on down the East Coast, sailing and paddling from bay to bay, leaving here and there some of his sea-weary crew, who intermarried with the inhabitants, and he did not cease his sailorly enterprise until he had reached the foggy shore of Murihiku, the “Tail of the Land” which the white man calls Southland.
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	advmod	_	_
2	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	far	far	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	voyaged	voyage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	down	down	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Coast	Coast	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	sailing	sail	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	paddling	paddle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	conj	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	bay	bay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	bay	bay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	conj	_	_
27	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	27	conj	_	_
30	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	26	obj	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
32	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
33	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	weary	weary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	crew	crew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	_
39	intermarried	intermarry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	acl:relcl	_	_
40	with	with	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
45	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
46	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	48	aux	_	_
47	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	48	advmod	_	_
48	cease	cease	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
49	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
50	sailorly	sailorly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	51	amod	_	_
51	enterprise	enterprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obj	_	_
52	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	55	mark	_	_
53	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	55	nsubj	_	_
54	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	55	aux	_	_
55	reached	reach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	48	advcl	_	_
56	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
57	foggy	foggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	_
58	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	obj	_	_
59	of	of	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
60	Murihiku	Murihiku	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	58	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
62	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	64	det	_	_
63	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	64	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	Tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	appos	_	_
65	of	of	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
66	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	67	det	_	_
67	Land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	64	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	64	punct	_	_
69	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	73	obj	_	_
70	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	72	det	_	_
71	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	72	amod	_	_
72	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	73	nsubj	_	_
73	calls	call	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	58	parataxis	_	_
74	Southland	Southland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	73	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
75	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund | heart *not said here* | the land |  | the far north |  | first *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset land=Product |
| 2 | **voyage** | past | heart |  |  | the East Coast |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sail** | gerund | heart *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **paddle** | gerund | heart *not said here* |  |  | bay |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **bay** | infinitive | heart *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **leave** | gerund | heart *not said here* | some of heart's weary crew |  | here; there |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Theme |
| 7 | **intermarry** | past | heart's weary crew |  |  |  |  | with the inhabitants | vn amalgamate-22.2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient with inhabitant=Co-Patient |
| 8 | **not** **cease** | past · do-support | heart | heart's sailorly enterprise |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector enterprise=Eventuality |
| 9 | **reach** | past · perfect | heart | the foggy shore of Murihiku |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent shore=Theme |
| 10 | **call** | present | the white man | the foggy shore of Murihiku |  |  |  | Southland *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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