---
title: Then, wearying for the trail and the _pikau_, he set out on a march… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then, wearying for the trail and the _pikau_, he set out on a march which was nothing less than heroic, from Southland to the newly-settled homes of his people in the North. Who acts: Beken, march. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sa
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 19

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Then, wearying for the trail and the \_pikau\_, he set out on a march which was nothing less than heroic, from Southland to the newly-settled homes of his people in the North.

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**Who acts:** Beken, march · **What happens:** weary, set out, be · **To what, where:** march, nothing

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Beken, march), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:13:19
# text = Then, wearying for the trail and the _pikau_, he set out on a march which was nothing less than heroic, from Southland to the newly-settled homes of his people in the North.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	wearying	weary	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	trail	trail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	_	_	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	pikau	pikau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	march	march	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	18	appos	_	_
22	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	21	amod	_	_
23	than	than	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	heroic	heroic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	from	from	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Southland	Southland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
30	newly	newly	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	settled	settled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	homes	home	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weary** | gerund | Beken *not said here* |  |  |  | then | for the trail and the pikau | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **set out** | past | Beken |  |  | a march |  | from Southland; to the settled homes of Beken's people in the North | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from southland=Initial\_Location to home=Destination |
| 3 | **is a** | past | a march | nothing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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