---
title: There is an old stone quarry on the face of Witch Hill, where this d… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: There is an old stone quarry on the face of Witch Hill, where this dyke juts out like a broken castle wall of the _Patu-paiarehe_, the Dim People of long ago, and just there the old waggon track goes down over the smoothed-out hills to the Canterbury Plains and the green banks of the Opaawaho. Who a
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 4

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There is an old stone quarry on the face of Witch Hill, where this dyke juts out like a broken castle wall of the \_Patu-paiarehe\_, the Dim People of long ago, and just there the old waggon track goes down over the smoothed-out hills to the Canterbury Plains and the green banks of the Opaawaho.

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**Who acts:** old stone quarry, dyke, old waggon track · **What happens:** be, jut out, break, go down, smooth · **To what, where:** smoothed out hills

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old stone quarry, dyke, old waggon track), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:13:4
# text = There is an old stone quarry on the face of Witch Hill, where this dyke juts out like a broken castle wall of the _Patu-paiarehe_, the Dim People of long ago, and just there the old waggon track goes down over the smoothed-out hills to the Canterbury Plains and the green banks of the Opaawaho.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	quarry	quarry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	Witch	Witch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Hill	Hill	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	_
15	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
16	dyke	dyke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	juts	jut	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	like	like	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	amod	_	_
22	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
26	_	_	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	Patu	Patu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	paiarehe	paiarehe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	Dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	People	People	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	29	appos	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	37	advmod	_	_
37	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
40	just	just	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	46	advmod	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
43	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
44	waggon	waggon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	compound	_	_
45	track	track	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nsubj	_	_
46	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	conj	_	_
47	down	down	ADV	RB	_	46	advmod	_	_
48	over	over	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
50	smoothed	smooth	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	53	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	50	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	out	out	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	compound	_	_
53	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	obl	_	_
54	to	to	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
56	Canterbury	Canterbury	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	57	compound	_	_
57	Plains	Plain	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	53	nmod	_	_
58	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	61	cc	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
60	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	61	amod	_	_
61	banks	bank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	57	conj	_	_
62	of	of	ADP	IN	_	64	case	_	_
63	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	64	det	_	_
64	Opaawaho	Opaawaho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	61	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a old stone quarry on the face of Witch Hill |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **jut out** | present | this dyke |  |  |  |  | like a broken castle wall of the Patu paiarehe | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **go down** | present | the old waggon track |  |  | the smoothed out hills to the Canterbury Plains and the green banks of the Opaawaho; there |  | down *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over hill=Location |
| 5 | **smooth** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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