---
title: “Judging from the persistent nature of these dykes,” he adds, “it is… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: “Judging from the persistent nature of these dykes,” he adds, “it is clear that the mountain must have been split at times from top to bottom, and the liquid material which welled from the fissures must have looked at night like a red-hot streak across the country.” Who acts: dyke, liquid material. 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/47/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Ca…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/) / [How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/) / 47

# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 47

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Judging from the persistent nature of these dykes,” he adds, “it is clear that the mountain must have been split at times from top to bottom, and the liquid material which welled from the fissures must have looked at night like a red-hot streak across the country.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** dyke, liquid material · **What happens:** judge, add, be, split, well, look · **To what, where:** persistent nature, mountain, fissures, liquid material · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dyke, liquid material), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:13:47
# text = “Judging from the persistent nature of these dykes,” he adds, “it is clear that the mountain must have been split at times from top to bottom, and the liquid material which welled from the fissures must have looked at night like a red-hot streak across the country.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Judging	judge	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	csubj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	dykes	dyke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	adds	add	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	expl	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	aux	_	_
24	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	split	split	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	advcl	_	_
26	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nsubj:pass	_	_
37	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	38	nsubj	_	_
38	welled	well	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	acl:relcl	_	_
39	from	from	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	fissures	fissure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	_
42	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
43	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	aux	_	_
44	looked	look	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
45	at	at	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
47	like	like	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
48	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
49	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	49	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	amod	_	_
52	streak	streak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
53	across	across	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **judge** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  | the persistent nature of this dykes |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | dyke |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | dyke *not said here* |  |  |  |  | clear *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **split** *in a quote* | must · perfect · passive |  | the mountain |  |  | time | from top to bottom | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient from top=Co-Patient |
| 5 | **well** *in a quote* | past | the liquid material |  |  | the fissures |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **look** *in a quote* | must · perfect · passive |  | the liquid material |  |  | night | like a red hot streak across the country | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/46/)
- next →: [sentence 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/48/)
- ↑ back to [How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/)