---
title: It is a volcano myth which closely resembles, and is no doubt a copy… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: It is a volcano myth which closely resembles, and is no doubt a copy of, the North Island legend of Ngatoro-i-Rangi and the origin of the Ngauruhoe volcano. Who acts: Maori, volcano myth, doubt. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacre
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 7

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It is a volcano myth which closely resembles, and is no doubt a copy of, the North Island legend of Ngatoro-i-Rangi and the origin of the Ngauruhoe volcano.

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**Who acts:** Maori, volcano myth, doubt · **What happens:** be, resemble · **To what, where:** volcano myth, copy

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Maori, volcano myth, doubt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:13:7
# text = It is a volcano myth which closely resembles, and is no doubt a copy of, the North Island legend of Ngatoro-i-Rangi and the origin of the Ngauruhoe volcano.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	closely	closely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	resembles	resemble	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
12	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	13	det	_	_
13	doubt	doubt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	Island	Island	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	legend	legend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Ngatoro	Ngatoro	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	i	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	Rangi	Rangi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	Ngauruhoe	Ngauruhoe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Maori | a volcano myth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **resemble** | present | a volcano myth |  |  |  |  | closely *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | no doubt | a copy |  |  |  | of the Island legend of Ngatoro and Rangi  i and the origin of the Ngauruhoe volcano | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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