---
title: And if you turn your face southward and look far across the upper pa… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And if you turn your face southward and look far across the upper part of the harbour, near the western slopes of Mount Herbert, you will plainly see what seems a continuation of the remarkable wall of lava which welled ages ago white-hot from the cauldrons of Ruaimoko. Who acts: you, lava. A senten
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 9

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And if you turn your face southward and look far across the upper part of the harbour, near the western slopes of Mount Herbert, you will plainly see what seems a continuation of the remarkable wall of lava which welled ages ago white-hot from the cauldrons of Ruaimoko.

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**Who acts:** you, lava · **What happens:** turn, look, see, seem, well, continue · **To what, where:** face, continuation, ages, remarkable wall · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, lava), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:13:9
# text = And if you turn your face southward and look far across the upper part of the harbour, near the western slopes of Mount Herbert, you will plainly see what seems a continuation of the remarkable wall of lava which welled ages ago white-hot from the cauldrons of Ruaimoko.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	southward	southward	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
11	across	across	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	near	near	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	slopes	slope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Mount	Mount	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	Herbert	Herbert	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
28	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	plainly	plainly	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
31	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	32	nsubj	_	_
32	seems	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	ccomp	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	continuation	continuation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	remarkable	remarkable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	_
41	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	42	nsubj	_	_
42	welled	well	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	acl:relcl	_	_
43	ages	age	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obj	_	_
44	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
45	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	45	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	acl:relcl	_	_
48	from	from	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	cauldrons	cauldron	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	obl	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	Ruaimoko	Ruaimoko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | your face |  |  |  | southward *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent face=Theme |
| 2 | **look** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | across the upper part of the harbour; the western slopes of Mount *conj*; far *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent across part=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | future | you |  |  |  |  | plainly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **seem** | present |  | a continuation of the remarkable wall of lava |  |  |  | what *nsubj* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme continuation=Attribute |
| 5 | **well** | past | lava | ages |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **continue** |  |  | the remarkable wall of lava |  |  |  |  | nom continuation «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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