---
title: Our talk turned one day to the poetic legendary past of the Port Hil… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Our talk turned one day to the poetic legendary past of the Port Hills above us and the Banks Peninsula peaks yonder, hemming in Lyttelton Harbour in an annular line of dead fire crags. Who acts: talk, Banks Peninsula, Our. A sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» 
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 1

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Our talk turned one day to the poetic legendary past of the Port Hills above us and the Banks Peninsula peaks yonder, hemming in Lyttelton Harbour in an annular line of dead fire crags.

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**Who acts:** talk, Banks Peninsula, Our · **What happens:** turn, peak, hem, talk · **To what, where:** poetic legendary

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (talk, Banks Peninsula, Our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:14:1
# text = Our talk turned one day to the poetic legendary past of the Port Hills above us and the Banks Peninsula peaks yonder, hemming in Lyttelton Harbour in an annular line of dead fire crags.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	poetic	poetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	legendary	legendary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	past	past	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Port	Port	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	Hills	Hill	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
15	above	above	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	Banks	Banks	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	Peninsula	Peninsula	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	peaks	peak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
22	yonder	yonder	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	hemming	hem	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Lyttelton	Lyttelton	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
27	Harbour	Harbour	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	flat	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	annular	annular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
34	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	crags	crag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | Our talk |  |  | the poetic legendary | day | past the Port Hills; above us | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme to legendary=Source past hill=Trajectory above we=Destination |
| 2 | **peak** | present | the Banks Peninsula |  |  |  |  | yonder *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hem** | gerund | the Banks Peninsula *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in a annular line of dead fire crags; in Lyttelton | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in lyttelton=Theme |
| 4 | **talk** |  | Our |  |  |  |  |  | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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