---
title: Indeed, on dim and foggy days, and when the wet vapours becloud the… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Indeed, on dim and foggy days, and when the wet vapours becloud the long-dead volcano land, it is not difficult to enter into the spirit of the Maori fancy, and in imagination people all these craggy pinnacles with the _Patu-paiarehe_, and the wooded gulches with _Maeroero_, the wild men of the bush
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 28

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Indeed, on dim and foggy days, and when the wet vapours becloud the long-dead volcano land, it is not difficult to enter into the spirit of the Maori fancy, and in imagination people all these craggy pinnacles with the \_Patu-paiarehe\_, and the wooded gulches with \_Maeroero\_, the wild men of the bush.

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**Who acts:** wet vapours · **What happens:** becloud, not be, enter, wood · **To what, where:** long dead volcano land, spirit

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wet vapours), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:14:28
# text = Indeed, on dim and foggy days, and when the wet vapours becloud the long-dead volcano land, it is not difficult to enter into the spirit of the Maori fancy, and in imagination people all these craggy pinnacles with the _Patu-paiarehe_, and the wooded gulches with _Maeroero_, the wild men of the bush.
1	Indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	foggy	foggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	vapours	vapour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	becloud	becloud	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
16	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	expl	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	difficult	difficult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	enter	enter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
28	into	into	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	Maori	Maori	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	fancy	fancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	imagination	imagination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	_
39	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
40	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	43	det:predet	_	_
41	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	43	det	_	_
42	craggy	craggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	pinnacles	pinnacle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nmod	_	_
44	with	with	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
46	_	_	PUNCT	``	_	49	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	Patu	Patu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	47	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	paiarehe	paiarehe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	49	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	55	cc	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
54	wooded	wood	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	55	amod	_	_
55	gulches	gulch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	appos	_	_
56	with	with	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
57	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	56	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	Maeroero	Maeroero	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	55	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	55	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	63	punct	_	_
61	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	63	det	_	_
62	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	63	amod	_	_
63	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	conj	_	_
64	of	of	ADP	IN	_	66	case	_	_
65	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	66	det	_	_
66	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	63	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
67	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **becloud** | present | the wet vapours | the long dead volcano land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | difficult *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **enter** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the spirit of the Maori fancy |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into spirit=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **wood** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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