---
title: In the early morning too, when the fogs are lifting from the bays, a… — Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury,… · tree and pragmatics
description: In the early morning too, when the fogs are lifting from the bays, and here and there a black broken thumb of a peak juts out above the trailing vapours, or the mist-wreaths drape in torn veilings the huge rampart-like scarps, and when the first rosy sunbeams glorify the half-revealed mountains, the
---

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# Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 30

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In the early morning too, when the fogs are lifting from the bays, and here and there a black broken thumb of a peak juts out above the trailing vapours, or the mist-wreaths drape in torn veilings the huge rampart-like scarps, and when the first rosy sunbeams glorify the half-revealed mountains, the poetic mind can well conceive of this region as one of fairy wizardry and all manner of dusk-time magic.

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**Who acts:** fogs, black broken thumb, first rosy sunbeams, poetic mind · **What happens:** lift, break, jut out, glorify, reveal, conceive · **To what, where:** bays, trailing vapours, revealed mountains

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This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fogs, black broken thumb, first rosy sunbeams, poetic mind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73766:14:30
# text = In the early morning too, when the fogs are lifting from the bays, and here and there a black broken thumb of a peak juts out above the trailing vapours, or the mist-wreaths drape in torn veilings the huge rampart-like scarps, and when the first rosy sunbeams glorify the half-revealed mountains, the poetic mind can well conceive of this region as one of fairy wizardry and all manner of dusk-time magic.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	68	obl	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fogs	fog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	lifting	lift	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bays	bay	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
19	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	27	expl	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	amod	_	_
23	thumb	thumb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	peak	peak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	juts	jut	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
28	out	out	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	above	above	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	trailing	trailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	vapours	vapour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
34	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
36	mist	mist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	wreaths	wreath	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	compound	_	_
39	drape	drape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	torn	torn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	veilings	veiling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nmod	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
44	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
45	rampart	rampart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	45	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	scarps	scarp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
50	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc	_	_
51	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	56	advmod	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
53	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	55	amod	_	_
54	rosy	rosy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	55	amod	_	_
55	sunbeams	sunbeam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	56	nsubj	_	_
56	glorify	glorify	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	parataxis	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
58	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	60	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	58	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	revealed	reveal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	61	amod	_	_
61	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	56	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
63	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	65	det	_	_
64	poetic	poetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	65	amod	_	_
65	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	68	nsubj	_	_
66	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	68	aux	_	_
67	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	68	advmod	_	_
68	conceive	conceive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
69	of	of	ADP	IN	_	71	case	_	_
70	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	71	det	_	_
71	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	68	obl	_	_
72	as	as	ADP	IN	_	73	case	_	_
73	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	68	obl	_	_
74	of	of	ADP	IN	_	76	case	_	_
75	fairy	fairy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	76	amod	_	_
76	wizardry	wizardry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	73	nmod	_	_
77	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	79	cc	_	_
78	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	79	det	_	_
79	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	76	conj	_	_
80	of	of	ADP	IN	_	84	case	_	_
81	dusk	dusk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	83	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
82	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	81	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
83	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	84	compound	_	_
84	magic	magic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	79	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
85	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	68	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | present · progressive | the fogs |  |  | the bays; here |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent from bay=Destination |
| 2 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **jut out** | present | a black broken thumb of a peak |  |  | the trailing vapours  the wreaths drape in torn veilings  the huge like scarps; there |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above vapour=Location |
| 4 | **glorify** | present | the first rosy sunbeams | the revealed mountains |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mountain=Theme |
| 5 | **reveal** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | half *compound* | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **conceive** | can | the poetic mind |  |  |  | morning | of this region; as one of fairy wizardry and all manner of time magic; well *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent as one=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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