---
title: Elephant and ungrateful forester 22 _The man actually cut off his tw… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Elephant and ungrateful forester 22 _The man actually cut off his two principal tusks! Who acts: Elephant. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 1, sentence 161

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Elephant and ungrateful forester 22 \_The man actually cut off his two principal tusks!

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**Who acts:** Elephant · **What happens:** cut off · **To what, where:** two principal tusks

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:1:173
# text = Elephant and ungrateful forester 22 _The man actually cut off his two principal tusks!
1	Elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	ungrateful	ungrateful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	forester	forester	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
5	22	22	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	flat	_	_
6	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
9	actually	actually	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
13	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
14	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	tusks	tusk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut off** | past | Elephant and ungrateful forester and the man | Elephant's two principal tusks |  |  |  | actually *property* | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector tusk=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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