---
title: If he has lived an evil life, he will be born again as a ghost, or a… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: If he has lived an evil life, he will be born again as a ghost, or as an animal, or in some place of torment. Who acts: Gotama. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/201/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The grateful elephant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/) / [Opening, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/) / 201

# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 1, sentence 201

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If he has lived an evil life, he will be born again as a ghost, or as an animal, or in some place of torment.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Gotama · **What happens:** live, bear · **To what, where:** evil life, Gotama

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gotama), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:1:216
# text = If he has lived an evil life, he will be born again as a ghost, or as an animal, or in some place of torment.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	again	again	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	26	det	_	_
26	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	torment	torment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · perfect | Gotama | a evil life |  |  |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme life=Location |
| 2 | **bear** | future · passive |  | Gotama |  |  | again | as a ghost; a animal *advcl* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 200](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/200/)
- next →: [sentence 202](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/202/)
- ↑ back to [Opening, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/)