---
title: 48: i. 252 64 _Cupidity is the root of ruin_ — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: 48: i. 252 64 _Cupidity is the root of ruin_ Who acts: Cupidity. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 1, sentence 82

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48: i. 252 64 \_Cupidity is the root of ruin\_

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**Who acts:** Cupidity · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** root, 48 252 64

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cupidity), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:1:88
# text = 48: i. 252 64 _Cupidity is the root of ruin_
1	48	48	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
3	i.	i.	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	5	nsubj	_	_
4	252	252	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	compound	_	_
5	64	64	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
6	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Cupidity	cupidity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cupidity | the root |  |  |  | of ruin | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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