---
title: And springing to his feet, back he ran, without so much as taking a… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: And springing to his feet, back he ran, without so much as taking a look. Who acts: foot. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 10, sentence 114

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And springing to his feet, back he ran, without so much as taking a look.

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**Who acts:** foot · **What happens:** spring, run, take · **To what, where:** feet, look

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:10:118
# text = And springing to his feet, back he ran, without so much as taking a look.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	springing	spring	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	back	back	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	without	without	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	parataxis	_	_
14	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	look	look	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spring** | gerund | foot *not said here* |  |  | foot's feet |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to foot=Destination |
| 2 | **run** | past | foot |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | gerund | foot *not said here* | a look |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent look=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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