---
title: A deer saw them,--also a boar, an elk, a buffalo, an ox, a rhinocero… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: A deer saw them,--also a boar, an elk, a buffalo, an ox, a rhinoceros, a tiger, a lion, and an elephant. Who acts: deer. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 10, sentence 122

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A deer saw them,--also a boar, an elk, a buffalo, an ox, a rhinoceros, a tiger, a lion, and an elephant.

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**Who acts:** deer · **What happens:** see · **To what, where:** words

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (deer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:10:126
# text = A deer saw them,--also a boar, an elk, a buffalo, an ox, a rhinoceros, a tiger, a lion, and an elephant.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	deer	deer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	boar	boar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	elk	elk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	rhinoceros	rhinoceros	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	tiger	tiger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | a deer | words *= word* |  |  |  | a boar and a elk and a buffalo and a ox and a rhinoceros *obl*; a elephant *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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