---
title: The newly arrived gardener caused flowers to blossom out of season a… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: The newly arrived gardener caused flowers to blossom out of season and fruits to grow out of season, and made the garden a charming place. Who acts: gardener, flowers. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 10, sentence 76

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The newly arrived gardener caused flowers to blossom out of season and fruits to grow out of season, and made the garden a charming place.

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**Who acts:** gardener, flowers · **What happens:** arrive, cause, blossom out, grow out, make · **To what, where:** flowers, garden

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gardener, flowers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:10:78
# text = The newly arrived gardener caused flowers to blossom out of season and fruits to grow out of season, and made the garden a charming place.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	newly	newly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	blossom	blossom	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	charming	charming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | past |  |  |  |  |  | newly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cause** | past | gardener | flowers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **blossom out** | to-infinitive | flowers *not said here* |  |  |  | season |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location season=Theme |
| 4 | **grow out** | to-infinitive | flowers *not said here* |  |  |  | season |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location season=Theme |
| 5 | **make** | past |  | the garden |  |  |  | a charming place *obj* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset garden=Beneficiary place=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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