---
title: Then the Future Buddha told him the reason by uttering the second st… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the Future Buddha told him the reason by uttering the second stanza: Who acts: Future Buddha, reason. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 10, sentence 92

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Then the Future Buddha told him the reason by uttering the second stanza:

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**Who acts:** Future Buddha, reason · **What happens:** tell, utter · **To what, where:** reason, place, second stanza · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Future Buddha, reason), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:10:94
# text = Then the Future Buddha told him the reason by uttering the second stanza:
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Future	Future	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	uttering	utter	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	amod	_	_
13	stanza	stanza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the Future Buddha | the reason | place |  | then |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient reason=Topic |
| 2 | **utter** *speech: other* | gerund | the reason *not said here* | the second stanza |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent stanza=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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