---
title: Through contact with the bad, therefore your mango has bitter fruit. — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Through contact with the bad, therefore your mango has bitter fruit. Who acts: mango. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 10, sentence 94

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Through contact with the bad, therefore your mango has bitter fruit.

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**Who acts:** mango · **What happens:** have · **To what, where:** bitter fruit, contact

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mango), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:10:96
# text = Through contact with the bad, therefore your mango has bitter fruit.
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	contact	contact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	mango	mango	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | your mango | bitter fruit |  | contact |  | therefore *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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