---
title: Hearing a Vilva fruit fall,--“rat-a-tat,”--the hare ran. — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Hearing a Vilva fruit fall,--“rat-a-tat,”--the hare ran. Who acts: hare. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 11, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 11, sentence 5

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Hearing a Vilva fruit fall,--“rat-a-tat,”--the hare ran.

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**Who acts:** hare · **What happens:** hear, run · **To what, where:** Vilva fruit fall

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:11:5
# text = Hearing a Vilva fruit fall,--“rat-a-tat,”--the hare ran.
1	Hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	Vilva	Vilva	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
4	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	rat	rat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	tat	tat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | gerund | the hare *not said here* | a Vilva fruit fall |  |  |  | a rat tat *obl* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer fall=Stimulus |
| 2 | **run** | past | the hare |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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