---
title: The older ascetic saw the younger ascetic lean, dried-up, pale, yell… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: The older ascetic saw the younger ascetic lean, dried-up, pale, yellow as ever was yellow, his body strewn with veins. Who acts: older ascetic. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 11, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 11, sentence 58

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The older ascetic saw the younger ascetic lean, dried-up, pale, yellow as ever was yellow, his body strewn with veins.

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**Who acts:** older ascetic · **What happens:** see, dry up, be · **To what, where:** younger ascetic lean

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (older ascetic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:11:64
# text = The older ascetic saw the younger ascetic lean, dried-up, pale, yellow as ever was yellow, his body strewn with veins.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	ascetic	ascetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
7	ascetic	ascetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	lean	lean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	pale	pale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	20	advmod	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
24	strewn	strewn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	veins	vein	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the older ascetic | the younger ascetic lean |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lean=Stimulus |
| 2 | **dry up** | participle |  | the younger ascetic lean *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | past | the older ascetic *not said here* |  |  |  | ever | Jewel's body *conj*; yellow *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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