---
title: Said he: “Monks, begging is offensive even to dragons, though the Wo… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Said he: “Monks, begging is offensive even to dragons, though the World of Dragons wherein they dwell is filled to overflowing with the Seven Jewels. Who acts: Odious, begging, monks. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 11, with its dependency tree and th
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 11, sentence 93

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Said he: “Monks, begging is offensive even to dragons, though the World of Dragons wherein they dwell is filled to overflowing with the Seven Jewels.

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**Who acts:** Odious, begging, monks · **What happens:** say, be, dwell, fill, overflow · **To what, where:** Monks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Odious, begging, monks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:11:100
# text = Said he: “Monks, begging is offensive even to dragons, though the World of Dragons wherein they dwell is filled to overflowing with the Seven Jewels.
1	Said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
4	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Monks	monk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	begging	begging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	offensive	offensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	even	even	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	dragons	dragon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
14	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Dragons	Dragon	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
19	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	dwell	dwell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
24	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
25	overflowing	overflow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	advcl	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	Seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	29	nummod	_	_
29	Jewels	jewel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Odious |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | begging | Monks *not said here* |  |  |  | to dragons; offensive *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **dwell** *in a quote* | present | monks *= monk* |  |  |  |  | wherein *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **fill** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | Monks |  |  |  | the World of Dragons *nsubj* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 5 | **overflow** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with the Seven Jewels | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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