--- title: Now, monks, as the hawk was carrying off the quail, the quail thus l… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics description: Now, monks, as the hawk was carrying off the quail, the quail thus lamented: “I am indeed unfortunate, I possess little merit,--I who walked in forbidden ground, in a foreign region. Who acts: hawk, monks, prerogative. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/145/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The grateful elephant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/) / [Opening, part 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/) / 145 # The grateful elephant, Opening, part 12, sentence 145 Now, monks, as the hawk was carrying off the quail, the quail thus lamented: “I am indeed unfortunate, I possess little merit,--I who walked in forbidden ground, in a foreign region. **Who acts:** hawk, monks, prerogative · **What happens:** carry off, lament, be, possess, walk in, forbid · **To what, where:** quail, little merit, forbidden ground, foreign region · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hawk, monks, prerogative), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg74064:12:153 # text = Now, monks, as the hawk was carrying off the quail, the quail thus lamented: “I am indeed unfortunate, I possess little merit,--I who walked in forbidden ground, in a foreign region. 1 Now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 17 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 monks monk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 5 as as SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 hawk hawk NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 8 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 carrying carry VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 acl _ _ 10 off off ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 quail quail NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 quail quail NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 16 thus thus ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 lamented lament VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 18 : : PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 19 “ " PUNCT `` _ 23 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 20 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 21 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 22 indeed indeed ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 unfortunate unfortunate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 possess possess VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 parataxis _ _ 27 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 merit merit NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 30 -- -- PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 31 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 32 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 33 nsubj _ _ 33 walked walk VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ _ 34 in in ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 35 forbidden forbid VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 36 amod _ _ 36 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 in in ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 foreign foreign ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 region region NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 17 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **carry off** | past · progressive | the hawk | the quail | | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quail=Theme | | 2 | **lament** | past | monks | the quail | | | now | thus *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the prerogative *= prerogative* | | | | | indeed, unfortunate *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **possess** *in a quote* | present | the prerogative *= prerogative* | little merit | | | | | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot merit=Theme | | 5 | **walk in** *in a quote* | past | the prerogative *= prerogative* | forbidden ground | | a foreign region | | who *nsubj* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in region=Trajectory | | 6 | **forbid** *in a quote* | participle | | | | | | | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 144](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/144/) - next →: [sentence 146](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/146/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/)