---
title: For even ascetics of old, before a Buddha had arisen, cultivated fri… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: For even ascetics of old, before a Buddha had arisen, cultivated friendship for the four royal families of snakes, and thus obtained deliverance from the perils that arose through those royal families of snakes.” Who acts: Buddha, perils. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlin
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/23/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The grateful elephant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/) / [Opening, part 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/) / 23

# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 12, sentence 23

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For even ascetics of old, before a Buddha had arisen, cultivated friendship for the four royal families of snakes, and thus obtained deliverance from the perils that arose through those royal families of snakes.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Buddha, perils · **What happens:** arise, cultivate, obtain, arose · **To what, where:** cultivated friendship, deliverance, perils, royal families

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha, perils), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:12:24
# text = For even ascetics of old, before a Buddha had arisen, cultivated friendship for the four royal families of snakes, and thus obtained deliverance from the perils that arose through those royal families of snakes.”
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	even	even	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	ascetics	ascetic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	arisen	arise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	cultivated	cultivate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
18	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	snakes	snake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	obtained	obtain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
26	deliverance	deliverance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	perils	peril	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
30	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
31	arose	arose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	acl:relcl	_	_
32	through	through	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	35	det	_	_
34	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	snakes	snake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past · perfect | a Buddha | cultivated friendship |  |  |  | for the four royal families of snakes | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location friendship=Theme |
| 2 | **cultivate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **obtain** | past |  | deliverance |  | the perils |  | thus *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent deliverance=Theme from peril=Source |
| 4 | **arose** | present | the perils |  |  | that royal families of snakes |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/22/)
- next →: [sentence 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/24/)
- ↑ back to [Opening, part 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/)