---
title: And he said: “By the supernatural power of the Three Jewels, which a… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: And he said: “By the supernatural power of the Three Jewels, which are infinite, let those of us who are finite, obtain protection for ourselves both by night and by day.” Who acts: Buddha, Three Jewels. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12, with its de
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 12, sentence 53

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And he said: “By the supernatural power of the Three Jewels, which are infinite, let those of us who are finite, obtain protection for ourselves both by night and by day.”

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**Who acts:** Buddha, Three Jewels · **What happens:** say, be, let, obtain · **To what, where:** those, protection · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha, Three Jewels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:12:54
# text = And he said: “By the supernatural power of the Three Jewels, which are infinite, let those of us who are finite, obtain protection for ourselves both by night and by day.”
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
5	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	By	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	supernatural	supernatural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	Jewels	jewel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	infinite	infinite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
19	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
20	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	19	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nmod	_	_
23	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	finite	finite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	obtain	obtain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
28	protection	protection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	ourselves	ourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	27	obl	_	_
31	both	both	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
32	by	by	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	by	by	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Buddha |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the Three Jewels |  |  |  |  | infinite *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **let** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | those of us |  |  |  | by the supernatural power of the Three Jewels | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | who *nsubj*; finite *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **obtain** *in a quote* | present |  | protection |  |  | night | for ourselves; both *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent protection=Theme for ourselves=Asset |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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