---
title: Now the leader of the monkeys said to the monkeys: “Master-monkeys,… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the leader of the monkeys said to the monkeys: “Master-monkeys, the water must not be wasted. Who acts: leader. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 13, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 13, sentence 141

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Now the leader of the monkeys said to the monkeys: “Master-monkeys, the water must not be wasted.

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**Who acts:** leader · **What happens:** say, not waste · **To what, where:** monkeys, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leader), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:13:150
# text = Now the leader of the monkeys said to the monkeys: “Master-monkeys, the water must not be wasted.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
12	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	wasted	waste	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the leader of the monkeys |  | the monkeys |  | now |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to monkey=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **waste** *in a quote* | must · passive |  | the water |  |  |  | Master monkeys *obl* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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