---
title: The monkeys replied: “That’s what the monkey who is our leader told… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: The monkeys replied: “That’s what the monkey who is our leader told us to do.” Who acts: monkeys, That, monkey. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 13, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 13, sentence 146

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The monkeys replied: “That’s what the monkey who is our leader told us to do.”

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**Who acts:** monkeys, That, monkey · **What happens:** reply, be, tell, do · **To what, where:** leader, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monkeys, That, monkey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:13:155
# text = The monkeys replied: “That’s what the monkey who is our leader told us to do.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’s	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	parataxis	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
16	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	iobj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | the monkeys |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | That |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the monkey | our leader |  |  |  | our *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | the monkey |  | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **do** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | the monkey *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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