---
title: But when the quail knew: “This hawk is coming for me with a vengeanc… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: But when the quail knew: “This hawk is coming for me with a vengeance!” he turned and entered a crack in that very clod. Who acts: quail, hawk. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 13, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 13, sentence 24

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But when the quail knew: “This hawk is coming for me with a vengeance!” he turned and entered a crack in that very clod.

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**Who acts:** quail, hawk · **What happens:** know, come, turn, enter · **To what, where:** crack, clod · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (quail, hawk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:13:25
# text = But when the quail knew: “This hawk is coming for me with a vengeance!” he turned and entered a crack in that very clod.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	quail	quail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
7	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	ccomp	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	vengeance	vengeance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	crack	crack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	28	det	_	_
27	very	very	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	clod	clod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | the quail |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **come** *in a quote* | present · progressive | this hawk |  |  |  |  | for the quail *= quail*; with a vengeance | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **turn** | past | hawk |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **enter** | past | hawk *not said here* | a crack |  | that clod |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme crack=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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