---
title: And all that were in that caravan, whether men or beasts, did that o… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: And all that were in that caravan, whether men or beasts, did that ogre, that demon, devour, leaving only the bare bones. Who acts: that, caravan. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 14, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 14, sentence 119

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And all that were in that caravan, whether men or beasts, did that ogre, that demon, devour, leaving only the bare bones.

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**Who acts:** that, caravan · **What happens:** be, devour, leave · **To what, where:** caravan, bare bones

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, caravan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:14:127
# text = And all that were in that caravan, whether men or beasts, did that ogre, that demon, devour, leaving only the bare bones.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	caravan	caravan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
14	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
15	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
16	ogre	ogre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	demon	demon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	devour	devour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
24	only	only	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	bare	bare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | that |  |  | all caravan |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **devour** | past · do-support | all caravan |  |  |  |  |  | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **leave** | gerund | all caravan *not said here* | the bare bones |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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