---
title: When the Teacher departed, the heretics burst that refuge asunder, s… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: When the Teacher departed, the heretics burst that refuge asunder, sought refuge once more in the heretical teachers, lapsed once more into their former position. Who acts: Teacher, heretics. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 14, with its dependency tre
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 14, sentence 154

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When the Teacher departed, the heretics burst that refuge asunder, sought refuge once more in the heretical teachers, lapsed once more into their former position.

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**Who acts:** Teacher, heretics · **What happens:** depart, burst, seek, lapse · **To what, where:** refuge asunder, refuge, more, former position

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Teacher, heretics), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:14:163
# text = When the Teacher departed, the heretics burst that refuge asunder, sought refuge once more in the heretical teachers, lapsed once more into their former position.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Teacher	Teacher	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	departed	depart	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heretics	heretic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	burst	burst	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
10	refuge	refuge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	asunder	asunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	sought	seek	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	refuge	refuge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	16	advmod	_	_
16	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	heretical	heretical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	teachers	teacher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	lapsed	lapse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
23	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	24	advmod	_	_
24	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	22	obj	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **depart** | past | the Teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **burst** | past | the heretics | that refuge asunder |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location asunder=Theme |
| 3 | **seek** | past | the heretics *not said here* | refuge |  |  |  | in the heretical teachers | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent refuge=Theme in teacher=Location |
| 4 | **lapse** | past | the heretics *not said here* | more |  | heretics's former position |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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