--- title: Now a certain lay disciple invited the Congregation of Monks preside… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics description: Now a certain lay disciple invited the Congregation of Monks presided over by the Buddha, provided seats in his garden, delighted them with rice-gruel and hard food, and said: “Noble sirs, if you desire to take a walk about the garden, go with this gardener.” Who acts: certain lay disciple, you. A s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/14/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The grateful elephant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/) / [Opening, part 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/14/) / 9 # The grateful elephant, Opening, part 14, sentence 9 Now a certain lay disciple invited the Congregation of Monks presided over by the Buddha, provided seats in his garden, delighted them with rice-gruel and hard food, and said: “Noble sirs, if you desire to take a walk about the garden, go with this gardener.” **Who acts:** certain lay disciple, you · **What happens:** invite, preside over, provide, delight, say, desire · **To what, where:** Congregation, Monks, seats, garden, Noble sirs, walk · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (certain lay disciple, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg74064:14:10 # text = Now a certain lay disciple invited the Congregation of Monks presided over by the Buddha, provided seats in his garden, delighted them with rice-gruel and hard food, and said: “Noble sirs, if you desire to take a walk about the garden, go with this gardener.” 1 Now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 6 advmod _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 3 certain certain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 4 lay lay ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 disciple disciple NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 invited invite VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 Congregation congregation NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Monks monk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 11 presided preside VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 acl _ _ 12 over over ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 13 by by ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 Buddha Buddha PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 provided provide VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 18 seats seat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 garden garden NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 delighted delight VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ _ 25 with with ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 rice rice NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 28 gruel gruel NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 35 : : PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 36 “ " PUNCT `` _ 38 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 37 Noble noble ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 sirs sir NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 if if SCONJ IN _ 42 mark _ _ 41 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 42 desire desire VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 conj _ _ 43 to to PART TO _ 44 mark _ _ 44 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 xcomp _ _ 45 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 walk walk NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obj _ _ 47 about about ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 garden garden NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 50 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 51 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 44 conj _ _ 52 with with ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 54 det _ _ 54 gardener gardener NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 55 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 56 ” " PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **invite** | past | a certain lay disciple | the Congregation of Monks | | | now | | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent congregation=Recipient | | 2 | **preside over** | participle | | Monks *not said here* | | | | by the Buddha; over *property* | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: agent=Agent by buddha=Eventuality | | 3 | **provide** | past | a certain lay disciple *not said here* | seats | | disciple's garden | | | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition seat=Theme | | 4 | **delight** | past | a certain lay disciple *not said here* | seats *= seat* | | | | with rice gruel and hard food | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | | Noble sirs | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent sir=Topic | | 6 | **desire** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | you | | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 7 | **take** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a walk | | | | about the garden | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent walk=Theme | | 8 | **go** *in a quote* | infinitive | you *not said here* | | | | | with this gardener | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with gardener=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/14/8/) - next →: [sentence 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/14/10/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/14/)