---
title: So harnessing his carts, he set out, and in due course passing beyon… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: So harnessing his carts, he set out, and in due course passing beyond the habitations of men, he reached the mouth of the wilderness. Who acts: Sir, due course. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 28

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So harnessing his carts, he set out, and in due course passing beyond the habitations of men, he reached the mouth of the wilderness.

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**Who acts:** Sir, due course · **What happens:** harness, set out, pass, reach · **To what, where:** carts, habitations, mouth, due course

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir, due course), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:15:28
# text = So harnessing his carts, he set out, and in due course passing beyond the habitations of men, he reached the mouth of the wilderness.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	harnessing	harness	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	carts	cart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
14	passing	pass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
15	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	habitations	habitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **harness** | gerund | Sir *not said here* | Sir's carts |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent cart=Destination |
| 2 | **set out** | past | Sir |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **pass** | gerund | due course *not said here* |  |  | the habitations of men |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme beyond habitation=Location |
| 4 | **reach** | past | Sir | the mouth of the wilderness |  | due course |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent mouth=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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