--- title: The caravan-leader also caused his own car to turn out of the road,… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics description: The caravan-leader also caused his own car to turn out of the road, allowing room for the carts to pass, and standing aside, said to that ogre: “We, sir, are just approaching from Benāres. Who acts: caravan leader, We. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/43/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The grateful elephant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/) / [Opening, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/) / 43 # The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 43 The caravan-leader also caused his own car to turn out of the road, allowing room for the carts to pass, and standing aside, said to that ogre: “We, sir, are just approaching from Benāres. **Who acts:** caravan leader, We · **What happens:** cause, turn out, allow, pass, stand, say · **To what, where:** own car, road, room, ogre, Benāres · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (caravan leader, We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg74064:15:43 # text = The caravan-leader also caused his own car to turn out of the road, allowing room for the carts to pass, and standing aside, said to that ogre: “We, sir, are just approaching from Benāres. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 caravan caravan NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 3 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 leader leader NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 5 also also ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 caused cause VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 8 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 turn turn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 ccomp _ _ 12 out out ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 road road NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 allowing allow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 advcl _ _ 18 room room NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 19 for for ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 carts cart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 26 standing stand VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 29 advcl _ _ 27 aside aside ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 29 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 30 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 32 det _ _ 32 ogre ogre NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 : : PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 34 “ " PUNCT `` _ 41 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 35 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 37 sir sir NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 38 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 39 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 40 just just ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 approaching approach VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 29 advcl _ _ 42 from from ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 Benāres Benāres PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 44 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cause** | past | the caravan leader | ogre's own car | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **turn out** | to-infinitive | the caravan leader *not said here* | the road | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location road=Theme | | 3 | **allow** | gerund | the caravan leader *not said here* | room | | | | for the carts *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent room=Theme for cart=Goal | | 4 | **pass** | to-infinitive | the caravan leader *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **stand** | gerund | | | | | | aside *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the caravan leader *not said here* | | that ogre | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to ogre=Recipient | | 7 | **approach** *in a quote* | present · progressive | We | | | Benāres | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from benāres=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/42/) - next →: [sentence 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/44/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/)