---
title: Then, sending a drum around the camp, he assembled his men and spoke… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Then, sending a drum around the camp, he assembled his men and spoke as follows: “Without first obtaining my permission, you must not use so much as a dribble of water. Who acts: Buddha, you, my. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15, with its dependency
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 74

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then, sending a drum around the camp, he assembled his men and spoke as follows: “Without first obtaining my permission, you must not use so much as a dribble of water.

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**Who acts:** Buddha, you, my · **What happens:** send, assemble, speak, follow, obtain, not use · **To what, where:** drum, camp, men, permission, much, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha, you, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:15:74
# text = Then, sending a drum around the camp, he assembled his men and spoke as follows: “Without first obtaining my permission, you must not use so much as a dribble of water.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	sending	send	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
19	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	Without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
21	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	22	advmod	_	_
22	obtaining	obtain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	29	advcl	_	_
23	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	permission	permission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
30	so	so	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	obj	_	_
32	as	as	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	dribble	dribble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | gerund | Buddha *not said here* | a drum |  | the camp |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drum=Theme |
| 2 | **assemble** | past | Buddha | Buddha's men |  |  | then |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent man=Theme |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Buddha *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **follow** | present | Buddha *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **obtain** *in a quote* | gerund | you *not said here* | my permission |  |  |  | first *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset permission=Theme |
| 6 | **not** **use** *in a quote* | must | you | much |  |  |  | as a dribble of water | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent much=Duration as dribble=Attribute |
| 7 | **permit** *in a quote* |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom permission «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 8 | **dribble** *in a quote* |  |  | water |  |  |  |  | nom dribble «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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