---
title: When the Future Buddha saw him, he knew: “In this wilderness is no w… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: When the Future Buddha saw him, he knew: “In this wilderness is no water; that is what is called a waterless wilderness. Who acts: Future Buddha, Buddha, wilderness, that. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 78

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When the Future Buddha saw him, he knew: “In this wilderness is no water; that is what is called a waterless wilderness.

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**Who acts:** Future Buddha, Buddha, wilderness, that · **What happens:** see, know, be, call · **To what, where:** ogre, water, waterless wilderness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Future Buddha, Buddha, wilderness, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:15:78
# text = When the Future Buddha saw him, he knew: “In this wilderness is no water; that is what is called a waterless wilderness.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Future	Future	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	In	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	17	det	_	_
17	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obl	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl:relcl	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	waterless	waterless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the Future Buddha | ogre |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 2 | **know** | past | Buddha |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | this wilderness | no water |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | that |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **call** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | a waterless wilderness |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V» |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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