---
title: And the men who said it approached garlanded with garlands of water-… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: And the men who said it approached garlanded with garlands of water-lilies both blue and white, carrying clusters of lotus-flowers both red and white, chewing the fibrous stalks of water-lilies, heads wet, garments wet, with drops of water streaming from them. Who acts: men, drops. A sentence of «Th
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 89

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And the men who said it approached garlanded with garlands of water-lilies both blue and white, carrying clusters of lotus-flowers both red and white, chewing the fibrous stalks of water-lilies, heads wet, garments wet, with drops of water streaming from them.

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**Who acts:** men, drops · **What happens:** say, garland, carry, chew, garment, stream · **To what, where:** point, men, clusters, fibrous stalks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, drops), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:15:89
# text = And the men who said it approached garlanded with garlands of water-lilies both blue and white, carrying clusters of lotus-flowers both red and white, chewing the fibrous stalks of water-lilies, heads wet, garments wet, with drops of water streaming from them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	approached	approach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	garlanded	garland	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	garlands	garland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	lilies	lily	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
15	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc:preconj	_	_
16	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	_
21	clusters	cluster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	lotus	lotus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
26	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc:preconj	_	_
27	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	conj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	chewing	chew	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	conj	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	fibrous	fibrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	stalks	stalk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	lilies	lily	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	conj	_	_
41	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
43	garments	garment	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	parataxis	_	_
44	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
46	with	with	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	drops	drop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	conj	_	_
48	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
49	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	nmod	_	_
50	streaming	stream	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	47	acl	_	_
51	from	from	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the men | point |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 2 | **garland** | past · passive |  | the men |  |  |  | with garlands of water lilies  blue | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with garland=Theme |
| 3 | **carry** | gerund |  | clusters of lotus flowers |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cluster=Theme |
| 4 | **chew** | gerund |  | the fibrous stalks of water lilies and heads |  |  |  | wet *property* | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stalk=Patient |
| 5 | **garment** | present |  |  |  |  |  | drops of water *conj*; wet *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **stream** | gerund | drops of water *not said here* |  |  |  |  | from men *= man* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP.theme V PP.source»: agent=Theme from they=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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