--- title: The Future Buddha, hearing their words, caused the carts to halt, as… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics description: The Future Buddha, hearing their words, caused the carts to halt, assembled all of his men, and asked: “Has any one of you heard that there is either a lake or a pool in this wilderness?” Who acts: Future Buddha, carts, you. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/91/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The grateful elephant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/) / [Opening, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/) / 91 # The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 91 The Future Buddha, hearing their words, caused the carts to halt, assembled all of his men, and asked: “Has any one of you heard that there is either a lake or a pool in this wilderness?” **Who acts:** Future Buddha, carts, you · **What happens:** hear, cause, halt, assemble, ask, have · **To what, where:** words, carts, all, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Future Buddha, carts, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg74064:15:91 # text = The Future Buddha, hearing their words, caused the carts to halt, assembled all of his men, and asked: “Has any one of you heard that there is either a lake or a pool in this wilderness?” 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Future Future PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 Buddha Buddha PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 5 hearing hear VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 acl _ _ 6 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 9 caused cause VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 carts cart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 halt halt VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 assembled assemble VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 advcl _ _ 16 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 15 obj _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 23 : : PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 24 “ " PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 25 Has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 ccomp _ _ 26 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 27 det _ _ 27 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 acl:relcl _ _ 31 that that SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 32 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 33 expl _ _ 33 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 ccomp _ _ 34 either either CCONJ CC _ 36 cc:preconj _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 37 or or CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 38 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 pool pool NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 conj _ _ 40 in in ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 42 det _ _ 42 wilderness wilderness NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 43 ? ? PUNCT . _ 25 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 44 ” " PUNCT '' _ 25 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | gerund | the Future Buddha *not said here* | carts's words | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | | 2 | **cause** | past | the Future Buddha | the carts | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **halt** | to-infinitive | the carts *not said here* | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 4 | **assemble** | participle | the carts *not said here* | all of Buddha's men | | | | | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent all=Theme | | 5 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the Future Buddha *not said here* | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **have** *in a quote* | present | | any one a lake or a pool in this wilderness | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient | | 7 | **hear** *in a quote* | past | you | any one a lake or a pool in this wilderness *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **be** *in a quote* | present | | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **word** | | carts *= cart* | | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 90](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/90/) - next →: [sentence 92](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/92/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/)