---
title: The tree in the background is the Fan-palm, represented in Cunningha… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: The tree in the background is the Fan-palm, represented in Cunningham, Plate xxx. Who acts: tree. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 126

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The tree in the background is the Fan-palm, represented in Cunningham, Plate xxx.

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**Who acts:** tree · **What happens:** be, represent · **To what, where:** Fan palm

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:2:130
# text = The tree in the background is the Fan-palm, represented in Cunningham, Plate xxx.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	background	background	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	Fan	fan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	palm	palm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	represented	represent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Cunningham	Cunningham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	Plate	plate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	xxx	xxx	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the tree in the background | the Fan palm |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **represent** | participle |  | the Fan palm *not said here* |  |  |  | Cunningham *obl:agent* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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